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It is considered that batteries have now been with human for more than 500 years. The earliest documented ways of generating electricity were by generating a static charge. And until the year 1800 that a guy called Volta invented a battery called voltaic pile. This voltaic battery was discs of zinc and copper piled on each other. The discs were separated by cloth soaked in brine. In the year 1836, a British man named Daniel came up with another battery which he called Daniell cell. Daniel was a chemist as well as a meteorologist. Daniel used two pots one with zinc sulfate solution and the other with copper sulfate solution to generate electricity.

Fuel Cell

In 1839, Sir Grove of UK invented the fuel cell where electrons and protons are separated from reactant fuel by a catalyst like in today's phosphoric-acid fuel cell. In 1859, a Frenchman named Planté came up with his lead acid battery which was a rechargeable battery, and even up to today people have been using it in automobiles. In 1868, another Frenchman named Georges Leclanche put forward Leclanche cell in which he crushed manganese dioxide, and used a carbon rod as the cathode whilst zinc rod was the anode and were then immersed in a solution of ammonium chloride. In 1888, an American Gassner completed the Leclanche battery into a dry cell which could not leak fluids because he used molten salt - talk about seeing far because this dry cell battery has translated into an industry worth billions of dollars.

Nickel-Cadmium Battery

In 1899, Waldmar Jungner from Sweden put forward the nickel-cadmium battery. The The nickel-cadmium battery was a kind of rechargeable battery using nickel oxide hydroxide and metallic cadmium as electrodes. This battery was sealed successfully by a French man named Neumann. This sealed battery is the nickel-cadmium still used today.

Nickel-Iron Battery

In 1901, Thomas Edison invented the nickel-iron battery which was meant to storage battery. This battery had a nickel (III) oxide-hydroxide cathode and an iron anode, with an electrolyte of potassium hydroxide. The battery was meant to power electric vehicles. The battery was very robust and easy to charge. however it was expensive. The nickel-iron battery could be charged continuously thus making it very ideal for backup power supply. The Edison battery company was sold to Exide Battery Corporation who found the battery unprofitable and with no future and discontinued production in 1975.

Nickel-Metal Hydride Cell

In 1989, the nickel-metal hydride cell was developed successfully . The nickel-metal hydride cell is similar to nickel hydrogen cell. By 1990, the union carbide corporation plunged into the game and successfully commercialized the nickel-metal hydride battery.

Lithium Ion Battery

The lithium battery appeared in 1970 and there was great demand to make lithium battery rechargeable. But being a metal, this was very dangerous due to the instability of lithium metal. Owing to these problems of instability, research was focused on using lithium ion which is stable and then in 1991, Sony Corporation of Japan was successful in lithium ion battery and in this year Sony Corporation commercialized the lithium-ion battery which we are now using in laptop computers and cell mobile phones.

Today, as you relax with your cell phone and minicomputer, have you ever wonder that it took these guys so much time to come up with a better battery that is presentable and acceptable to all of us? You may be asking yourself why they looked for better battery life while God had given them enough energy from the sun. The sun has plenty of electricity but one problem is how to store that energy to make sure that we can use it at night, or when there are clouds or during the winter. If you can find these problems then you can understand the logic why you and I should start thinking of how we could harvest solar power from outer space in the next 500 years. How to get sun energy transmitted from space to the earth is the task we have so that we can avoid the problem of storage.

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